The investigators aim to identify novel circulating methylated biomarkers for early lung cancer detection as well as to develop new technologies that are clinically applicable with high sensitivity and specificity.
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Inclusion Criteria: * Subjects suspected or confirmed diagnosis of lung cancer. * Subjects who had indeterminate sub-centimeter pulmonary nodules or ground glass opacities discovered by computed tomography. * Non-cancer subjects: including healthy volunteers and chronic inflammatory airway diseases such as chronic obstructive airway disease, asthma, and bronchiectasis, etc. * Subjects age over 20. Exclusion Criteria: * Pregnancy. * Subjects with HIV infection. * Unable to or unwilling to give informed consent.